NFKB p65 Polyclonal Antibody, PE Conjugated

p65; NFKB3; Transcription factor p65; Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit; Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3; RELA

NFkappaB is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NFkappaB is a homo or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rellike domaincontaining proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p15, NFKB1/p5, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65p5 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappaB sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappaB sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NFkappaB is controlled by various mechanisms of posttranslational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NFkappaB complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NFkappaB inhibitor (IkappaB) family. In a conventional activation pathway, IkappaB is phosphorylated by IkappaB kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NFkappaB complex which translocates to the nucleus. NFkappaB heterodimeric p65p5 and p65cRel complexes are transcriptional activators. The NFkappaB p65p65 complex appears to be involved in invasinmediated activation of IL8 expression. The inhibitory effect of IkappaB upon NFkappaB the cytoplasm is exerted primarily through the interaction with p65. p65 shows a weak DNAbinding site which could contribute directly to DNA binding in the NFkappaB complex. Associates with chromatin at the NFkappaB promoter region via association with DDX1.